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r. J. s. ROBERTS.

Patented June l3, I899.

PORTABLE ovEn.

(Application filed Oct. 5, 1898.)

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PORTABLE OVEN.

(Application filed Oct. 5, 1898.) (No Model.) 9 $hoetsShe,et 2,

No. 626,773. Patented lune I3, |899.

F. J. S. ROBERTS.

' PORTABLE OVEN.

(Application filed Oct. 5, 1898.)

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(Application filed Oct. 5, 1898.)

9 Sheets-Sheet 4 (No Model.)

No. 626,773. Patented lune 13, i899. F. J. S. ROBERTS.

PORTABLE OVEN.

(Application filed Oct. 5, 1898.)

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No. 626,773. Patented lune l3, I899, F. J. '8. ROBERTS.

PORTABLE oven.

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F. J. S. ROBERTS. PORTABLE OVEN.

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UNITED STAT S PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK J. S. ROBERTS, OF TORONTO, CANADA.

PORTABLE OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 626,773, dated June 13,1899.

Application filed October 5, 1898. $erial No. 692,741. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK J. S. ROBERTS, of the city of Toronto, in'thecounty of York and Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Portable Ovens; and I hereby declare thatthe following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements inportable ovens; and the object of the invention is to so construct aportable oven that it will do the greatest amount of baking with theleast amount of fuel and to so arrange the several parts constitutingthe oven that they can be made in portable sections and easily andquickly put together by any person of ordinary intelligence and theinvention consists, essentially, of the device hereinafter set forth,and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a front elevation of the oven. Fig. 2 is aperspective view of the top. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional viewthrough the top on the lines a a, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a perspective viewof the interior of the oven with the front removed. perspective sectionon the lines a a, Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the sides.

Fig. 7 is a vertical section on the lines a d, Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is ahorizontal section on the lines I) I), Fig. 6. Fig. 9 is a perspectiveView of the back. Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the base looking atit from the top. Fig. 11 is a view of the inside of the front. Fig. 12is a view of the furnace looking at it from the front, with the coverpartly broken away to show the inside. Fig. 13 is a view ofthe furnacelooking at it from the back. Fig. 1a is a View of the Y-pipe for thefurnace,'partially loroken away to show .the central partition. Fig. 15is a view of one of the lower flue-boxes. Fig. 16 is a view of thestopper for theflue-box. Fig. 17 is a perspective view of one of thetopmost angle-supports.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts throughout thespecification and drawings.

A represents the base, which consists of a substantially rectangularshell filled with mineral wool or other non-conducting material.Surrounding the body portion of the base A is an upturned flange A",which embraces the front sides and back and holds'the Fig. 5 1s a.

The flange A- to the corners of the base are feet A which feet securelyfasten together the corners of the sides and ends of the angle-ironflange.

'A represents one of the side sections,which consists of a substantiallyrectangular outer wall a and inner walla, parallel with the outer walla, with a space between them filled with mineral wool ct or othernon-conducting material. In the constructionof the side sections theouter wall a is provided with side flanges b, which are folded over thesides of the sections and overlap the side edges of the inner wall a,the purpose of this construction being to strengthen the section andform side walls to retain the mineral wool or other packing in place.The top and bottom of the outer wall a are provided with flanges,respectively, b b, for the purpose hereinafter set forth. The top andbottom of the inner wall a are each provided with a flange o 0respectively, which are folded over and riveted, respectively, to thetop and bottom flanges b b" to serve as the top and bottom of thesection.

Formed through the lower part of the section A at or near the back is anopening B, fitted with a metallic collar O. The opening B on the outerface of the section A is surrounded by a metallic frame D.

Located on the inner face of the side section A, contiguous to theopening B, is afluebox E, and formed through the back of the fine-box Eis an opening F, communicating with the opening B. The openingB isclosed by a flue-stopper G, corresponding in shape and size with theopeningB. .The inner face of the flue-stopperG is provided withaflameplate H, which extends through the opening F into the flue-box E,the inner face of the flame-plate H being flush with the inner face .ICO

. shape of the opening d.

assembled in position, the collar (1 enters the downwardly-inclinedcollar 1 of a flue-box E, attached to the front of the inner face of thesection A at or near the top. The side flue J is sufficiently loose onthe collars I I to be longitudinally moved on the collars to per- A.Rivet-ed to the edge of each of the side flanges 7c is an angle-iron L,which is adapted to overlap the outer face of the walls a of the sidesections A when the back and side sections are assembled to protect thecorners.

The front M is preferably made of cast metal and is provided with sideflanges m, similar to the angle-irons L, to overlap the front edge ofthe outer face of the walls of the said sections when the parts areassembled. The side of each an gle-iron L is provided withoutwardlyprojecting lugs N, having bolt-holes n, while the side flangesm of the front M are each provided with outwardly-projecting lugs 0,having slots 0. The lugs O, with their slots 0, are horizontally opposedto the lugs N and bolt-holes n. Passing through each pair of lugs N andO is a rod-bolt P, fitted with a nut 19. The head of the rod-bolt Pbears against the front of its respective lug 0, while the nut p pressesagainst the baclcof its respective lug N. By providing the lug O withthe slot o-the bolt can be dropped into place in the lug 0 after the endhas been passed through the hole 17. in the opposite lug N,

thus obviating the necessity of feeding the bolt through the front lugs.

When the front, back, and side sections j 'are assembled and thebolt-rods placed in position, the front and back will be rigidly drawntogether and hold the side sections securely in place. Each of the sidesections extends to the back wall of the back section and engages thesides of the packed part of the back section, leaving no air-space atthe corners. The back and front sections are provided with top andbottom flanges 12 I), corresponding to the top and bottom flanges of theside sections A. r

Formed through the front M are two flueopenings Q, one opposed to eachof the flueboxes E and correspondingin shape and size with the openingcZ into the flue-box. rounding each of the flue-openings Q on the innerside of the front'is a collar q, corresponding in size and shape withthe size and Then the parts are flue-box E through the opening (6. Eachof the flue-openings Q is closed by a cover q, hinged to the outer sideof the front M. By

means of the flue-openin gs Q the flue-boxes E and side flues J can beeasily cleaned without disturbing any of the remaining parts of theoven, and by means of the flue-openings B the flue-boxes E can bereadily cleaned without disturbing any of the other parts of the oven.This construction obviates the difficulty heretofore experienced inremoving the soot and ashes from the smoke-passages, especially wherethe smoke-passage consisted of a closed space formed on the inner facesof the sides. By keeping the side fines and fineboxes free from soot andashes a perfect draft can be established from the furnace to the outletto the chimney and perfect combustion within the furnace assured.

R represents the arched top of the oven, which is made in the samemanner as the sides and back'that is, it consists of an through thesheet of metal 5 into the smokechamber S are two openings SS, onelocated above each of the openings cl of the flue-box E andcorresponding in shape and size therewith. Surrounding each of theopenings (1' is a collar d, each of which fits into its respectiveopening S.

Formed through the upperside of the top R is an opening T, surrounded byan upwardlyprojecting metallic collar ,T, to which is adapted to befitted the smoke-pipe leading to the chimney. The collar T is providedwith a slide-damper U, having an operatingrod U extending through thefront of the 'top,-by means of which the damper can be operated torespectively open orclose the pas- 1 sag-e from the smoke-chamber to thepipe to the chimney.

The middle part,of the sheet-metal wall 8 is preferably flattened, andformed through the center of this sheet-metal wall into the.smoke-chamber S is an opening V, fitted with c a slide-damper V,'havingan operating-rod V" extending through the front of the top.

By means of the rod V the damper can be moved to respectively open orclose the passage through the opening V. The purpose of v the opening Vis to permit of the escape of the heated air from the oven to thesmokechamber when necessary. By means of this opening and damper thetemperature of the oven can be largely controlled and-much better bakingresults attained.

The top R is filled with mineral wool or other non-conducting substancein such a manner that when the oven-top is assembled in position withthe other parts the filled portion of the oven-top will rest directly onthe top of the filled portions of the sides and back.

In some casesit happens that the chamber in which the oven is set is toolow to permit of a smoke-pipe projecting upwardly from the top'of theoven, and to obviate a difficulty of this kind an opening V is formedthrough the back of the top, which opening is provided with a,collar V.The opening V when the smoke-pipe is fitted to the collar T is closed bya cover V which cover is held in position in any suitable manner. WVhenthe pipe is fitted to the opening V the damper U is moved to close theopening T and the collar T is filled with sand or other suitablematerial to prevent the escape of smoke or gas through it. b

XV represents the furnace, which consists of a substantiallyrectangular-shaped fire-pot to, having a grate w and a lining to" offirebrick. Below the fire-pot w is a closed ashpit 20 integrally formedwith the remaining parts of the fire-pot. The top of the fire-pot isclosed by a removable lid or cover 10 The furnace is provided with afront v.0 having an opening into the fire-pot closed by a hinged doorto", which is lined with fire-brick, and an opening into the ash-pitclosed by a door 10 The opening to the fire-pot slants downwardly toform an inclined chute to facilitate the entrance of the fuel. Thefire-pot, ashpit, front, and cover are so arranged as to be readilyremoved from or placed in the oven without disturbing any of the otherparts. This is accomplished by forming through the front M an opening X,which extends substantially to the bottom of the oven and of asufficient size to readily admit the furnace. The front of the furnaceoverlaps the edges of the opening X to completely close the same whenthe furnace is in position. Passing through the front 10 and enteringthe front M are screws to fasten the furnace in position when assembledin the oven. Formed through the back of the fire-potw is an opening wand surrounding the opening 10 on the outer side of the back of thefire-pot, is a collar, which is made preferably in two sections, thebottom sectiop w being formed integrally with the back of the fire-potand the uppersection 10 made independently of the lower section andbolted to the back of the fire-pot to complete the collar. It has beenfound from practical experience that the upper part of the collar issubjected to a greater heat than any other individual part of thefurnace, and as a result of being subjected to that heat is liable to beburned out. By making the collar in two sections it can be repairedwithout being obliged to throw away the lower part of the collar or backof the fire-pot.

\V represents a Y-pipe, the stem of which is adapted to be fitted on thecollar at the back of the fire-pot. Extending inwardly from the junctionof the arms W' of the pipe W is a partition W", which extends a shortdistance down the stem of the pipe in'order that the prod ucts ofcombustion from the f urnace may be evenly distributed into both of thearms W". pipe \V is so arranged as to readily receive the collar of thefire-pot when the furnace is The mouth of the stem of the pushed intoposition and to readily allow of the withdrawal of the collar when thefurnace is being removed from the oven. The Y-pipe W is supported by astand W Each arm W consists of a stationary section WV and a telescopicsection W sliding on the section \V By means of the telescopic sectionsW the arms can be extended or contracted to meet the requirements of theoven and to take up the contraction and expansion of the pipe and topermit of the ends of the Y-pipe being readily fitted on the collars F".When the ends of the Y-pipe are fitted on the collars F, a bolt F isdropped through each collar and its respective arm W to securely holdthe same together. The action of this part of the furnace is as follows:The products of combustion pass from the fire-pot through the collar atthe back to the pipe W and being divided by the partition VV passequally through the arms W to the flue-box E, striking against theflame-plate H, afterward passing through the inclined collars I to theside fiues J and flue-boxes E, and through the opening at in the top ofthe flueboxes E into the smoke-chamber S in the oven-top, and thenthrough the opening T or opening V to the pipe to the chimney.

The front of the oven-top R is provided with flue-openings R, by meansof which the smoke-chamber S can be readily cleaned of soot and ashes.The opening V can be used when required for the purpose of cleaning thesmoke-chamber. The flue-openings R are closed by covers R, hinged to thefront of the oven-top.

X X represent two standards at the back of the oven, the lower end ofeach of which is provided with a foot X", resting upon the oven-bottom.Projectinginwardlyfromeach of the standards X is a lug X and upon theselugs X is supported an angle-iron support X On the inner face of thefront M, in horizontal alinement with the angle-iron X is a flange Xface of each of the side sections Ais a lug X in the same plane as thelugs X and supported on the lugs X is a T-iron support X Held by thesupports X and X and flange X are a series of metal pads X filled withwool or other non-conducting material to protect the lower shelf fromthe extreme heat of the furnace. Between the side edges of the pads Xand the inner face of the sections A is an interval or space to allow ofthe upward passage of the heat from the furnace. Each of the standards Xis provided with any suitable number of forwardly-extending lugs X whilethe inner face of the front M is provided with a series of lugs Xcorresponding in number and location with the lugs X and horizontallyopposed thereto. Supported upon each opposite pair of lugs X and X is anangle-iron support Y, which extends from the front to the back of theoven.

Y represents a series of supports mounted on the supports Y at the frontand back and Connected to the middle of the inner- 4 sea /reintermediate the front and back, the upwardly-projecting flange y of theback supports being of a greater depth than the upwardly-projectingflange of the middle and front supports.

Mounted on the supports Y are the shelve Y of the oven, which arepreferably made of tile, which is found to be the best bakingsurfaceobtainable. On each side of the shelves Y is an upwardly-projectingshield Y of tile, to protect the contents of the shelf from excessiveheat at the side and to direct the heat-currents along the bottom of thenext successive shelf. The shields Y are held in position by the edgesof the shelf Y and the upturned flange y of the angle-iron support Y.

The bottom and intermediate angle-iron supports Y are suiiicientlyremote from the inner face of the side sections A to allow of the upwardpassage of the heat to the bottom of the topmost shelf, while theshields Y are only of a sufficient height to protect the contents of theshelves from excessive heat, so as to allow of the heat passing from thespace up the inner face of the side sections to pass along the bottom ofthe shelves.

Each topmost angle-iron support Y is provided with anoutwardly-extending flange 11 which engage the inner faces of the sidesections A and arrest the further upward passage of the heat along thesaid side faces in order that it can be distributed along the bottom ofall the shelves. The distribution of the heat along the bottom of theshelves acts on the top of the contents of each shelf and bakes the topof the contents, while the heat of the shelves bakes the bottom. Theheat radiated from the oven-top bakes the top of the contents of thetopmost shelf. It is not possible in this construction and it is not theintention of the invention to completely check the upward passage of allthe heat to the outer side of the oven-top, so that when it is necessaryto draw off a portion of the heat from the oven it can be done byopening the damper in the under side of the oven-top.

As shown in the drawings, the shelves are three in number, and formedthrough the oven-front are three openings Z, one opening opposed to eachshelf. The two topmost openings Z'are closed by side swinging doors Z,each provided with a latch z and keeper .2", while the bottommostopening is provided with a drop-door Z, which acts as a shelf when openand which is provided with a latch z and keeper ,2. At the side of thedoors are a series of openings Z one opposed to each shelf, each openingbeing protected on the inside of the oven by a circular frame of mica fA secured to'the inner face of the front and each opening arranged sothat its respective shelf can be lighted, the outer face of the frontbeing provided with three sliding covers Z to close the openings.

Z represents an opening through the front,

by means of which a pyrometer can be fitted I to the oven.

Formed through the front M above the furnace are a series of openings Zclosed by a slide-damper Z The purpose of the opening Z is to admit thecold air over the top of the furnace to cool down the extreme heat fromthe top of the furnace and to help to create a circulation'inthe oven.

By using tile in the construction of the shelves the same practicalresults can be attained as in a brick oven. Rye bread,Vienna rolls, andIrish bread are all baked on the sole of the oven, and it would beimpossible in an oven with iron shelves to bake bread of any of theseclasses. By having the fiues arranged on the inner faces of the sides ofthe oven the heat from the products of combustion can be utilized forheating the oven-chamber, and theflues can be cleaned as readily as ifthe smoke-pipe from the furnace were carried direct through theoven-wall.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A portable oven embracing in its construction an arched oven-toplined with heatnon-conducting material, and provided at its under sidewith a correspondingly arched smoke-chamber having its middle portionflattened and fitted with a central opening forming a means ofcommunication between the interior of the oven and the smoke-chamher, adamper to normally close the opening fitted with a rod extending throughthe ovenfront, and an aperture for the smoke-chamber to communicate withthe smoke-pipe, substantially as specified.

2. A portable oven embracing in its construction a chamber having acasing lined with heat-non-cond ucting material, a f urnace within thechamber, flue-boxes attached to the inner face of the chamber, onearranged at or near the top and the other at the lower part of the oven,a smoke-flue connecting the flueboxes, a smoke-pipe connecting thefurnace with the lower flue-box, a smoke-chamber at the under side ofthe top communicating with the upper flue-box, and an aperture throughthe top to communicate with the smoke-pipe to the chimney, substantiallyas specified.

3. A portable oven embracing in its construction a chamber having acasing lined with heat-non-conductin g material, a furnace Within thechamber, flue-boxes attached tothe inner face of the chamber, onearranged at or near the top and the other at the lower part of the oven,a smoke-flue connecting the flueboxes, a smoke-pipe connecting thefurnace with the lower flue-box, a smoke-chamber at the under side ofthe top communicating with the upper flue-box, an aperture through thetop to communicate with the smoke-pipe to the chimney, and an openingthrough the oven-front into the upper flue-box, substantially asspecified.

4. A portable oven embracing in its construction a chamber having acasing lined with heat-non-conducting material, a furnace within thechamber, flue-boxes attached to the inner faces of the sides of thechamber at the lower part of the oven, an adjustable Y- pipe connectingthe furnace with the fiueboxes, fine-boxes attached to the inner facesof the sides of the chamber at or near the front of the top of the oven,smoke-fines connecting each lower flue-box with its respective upperflue-box, openings through the oven-front into each of the upperflue-boxes, a smoke-chamber at the under side of the oven-topcommunicating with each of the upper flue-boxes, and an aperture fromthe smoke -chamber to communicate with the smoke-pipe to the chimney,substantially as specified.

5. A portable oven embracing in its construction a chamber having acasing lined with heat-no1i-conducting material, a furnace within thechamber, fine-boxes attached to the inner faces of.the sides of thechamber at the lower part of the oven, an adjustable Y- pipe connectingthe furnace with the flueboxe's, fiue-boxes attached to the inner facesof the sides of the chamber at or near the front of the top of the oven,smoke-fines connecting each lower flue-box with its respective upperflue-box, openings through the oven-front into each of the upperflue-boxes, a smoke-chamber at the under side of the oven-topcommunicating with each of the upper flue-boxes, an aperture from thesmokechamber to communicate with the smoke-pipe to the chimney, acentral opening through the smoke-chamber communicating with the oven,and a damper to normally close the opening fitted with an operating-rodextending through the oven-front, substantially as specified.

6. A port-able oven embracing in its construction a chamber having acasing lined with heat-non-conducting material, a furnace within thechamber, flue-boxes attached to the inner faces of the sides of thechamber at the lower part of the oven, an adjustable Y- pipe connectingthe furnace with the flueboxes, flue-boxes attached to the inner facesof the sides of the chamber at or near the front of the top of the oven,smoke-fines connecting each lower flue-box with its respective upperflue-box, openings through-the oven-front into each of the upperfine-boxes, a smoke-chamber at the under side of the oven-topcommunicating with each of the upper flue-boxes, an aperture from thesmokechamber to communicate with the smoke-pipe to the chimney, acentral opening through the smoke-chamber communicating with the oven, adamper to normally close the opening fitted with an operating-rodextending through the oven-front, an opening into each of the lowerflue-boxes through the side casing of the chamber, a stopper to closeeach of the openings having a flame-plate projecting into its respectiveflue-box, substantially as specified.

7. A portable oven embracing in its construction an upper and a lowerflue-box attached to the inner face of one of the sides of the chamber,a detachable smoke-flue connecting the flue-boxes, an opening throughthe side into the lower flue-box, a stopper to close the opening havinga flame-plate projecting into the flue-box, and an opening communicatingwith the upper flue-box and the smoke-passage to the chimney,substantially as specified. I

8. A portable oven embracing in its construction an upper and a lowerflue-box attached to the inner face of one of the sides of the oven, asmoke-flue connecting the flueboxes, the lower flue-box fitted toreceive the smoke-pipe from the furnace, and the upper flue-box fittedto communicate with the smoke-passage to the chimney, substantially asspecified.

9. A portable oven embracing in its construction an upper and a lowerflue-box attached to the inner face of one of the sides of the oven, asmoke-flue connecting the flueboxes, the lower fine-box fitted toreceive the smoke-pipe from the furnace, and the upper flue-box fittedto communicate with the smoke-passage to the chimney, and an openingthrough the front of the upper flue-box, substantially as specified.

10. A portable oven embracing in its construction a chamber having acasing lined with heatnon-conducting material, rigid standards supportedupon the base and attached to the back of the chamber, lugs carried bythe standards, lugs attached to the oven-front opposed to the lugs ofthe standards, cross-bars supported upon the lugs to sustain the shelvesand the shield for the furnace, and so arranged as to form an air-spacebetween the sides of the shelves and shield and the walls of thechamber, substantially as specified.

11. A portable oven embracing in its construction a chamber, having acast-metal front and sheet-metal sides and back, lined withheat-non-conducting material, a series of oven-shelves within thechamber, an opening through the front for each shelf, fitted with ahinged door normally held closed, and a sight-opening through the frontfor each shelf, covered with translucent material and closed by asliding cover, substantially as specified.

12. A portable oven embracing in its construction a chamber having itsfront, back and sides each consisting of an independent section, theback and sides being lined with heat-non-conducting material, andarranged to overlap each other to provide a continuous non-conductor,lugs projecting outwardly from each side of the front fitted withboltholes, and having a flange to overlap the front edges of the sides,the back provided with angle-irons, one flange of which is bolted to itsrespective edge of the back, and the other flange of which overlaps theback edge of the sides to securelyhold the sides in their properrelative position to the back, lugs projecting outwardly from the sideflanges of the angleirons, and fitted with transverse sl'ots opposed tothe bolt-holes in the lugs of the front, bolts passing through thebolt-holes and slots to unite the back and front, and hold the partsrigidly together, a base lined with non-conducting material to supportthe lower ends of the front, sides and back, having an upturned flangeto embrace the same, and hold the lower ends rigidly in position, and atop contained within the front, sides and back, having a flange tooverlap the flanged tops of the front, sides and back, substantially asspecified.

13. A portable oven embracing in its construction a chamber, a furnacein the lower part of the chamber, a shield suspended above the top ofthe furnace, a passage at each side of the shield, a shelf above theshield, consisting of supporting-bars held at the front and back, abottom supported by the crossbars and a shield projecting upwardly fromeach side edge of the bottom to protect the contents'of the shelf fromthe upward current of heated air at the side of the chamber, and anopening between the top of the shields and the under side of thenextsuccessive shelf, substantially as specified.

Toronto, Canada, September 1Q, A. D. 1898.

FRANK J. S. ROBERTS,

In presence of- M. A. WEsTWooD, O. H. RICHES.

